Authors - Md Tanzid, Md. Foridul Haque, Md. Ismail Hossain, Mohammad Golam Sarowar Abstract - The rice supply chain has been susceptible to quality deterioration, expiry, and a low level of transparency, which are risks to consumer health and food security. To overcome these challenges, the current research suggests a consortium-based blockchain and IoT-enabled smart contract framework to provide a holistic, traceable, and automated governance model. The framework facilitates a consortium of all key stakeholders in the rice supply chain from farmers to retailers as a blockchain network that is co-controlled and resistant to tampering. At key storage infrastructures, Internet of Things (IoT) sensors are deployed to provide the variable storage conditions (humidity and temperature) in real-time that are important in storing rice. The monitoring variables are sent to smart contracts that generate a two-tiered governance system. Upon data showing that a rice lot reached 90% of its shelf life, the intervening automated process will promulgate notifications. Upon expiration of the rice, monitoring will render a smart contract disables the ability to purchase or distribute in the supply chain. The automated process therefore notifies users of public health risks by preventing the introduction and sale of products deemed unsafe for consumption. The framework ensures the sustainable, validated, and tamper evident functionality for continuous monitoring and rule-based execution of perishable products on a public ledger to facilitate enhanced food governance, to lower food safety risks to consumer health, and to promote consumer trust in the rice supply chain.
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